# Table 12: Time-Since-Independence (Transition Countries Only)

| Specification | Z₁ | p-val | Z₁×YSI | p-val | R² | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transition baseline | 87.29** | 0.0134 | — | — | 0.0863 | 587 |
| + Z₁×years_since_indep | 57.70 | 0.2124 | 0.133 | 0.3343 | 0.1253 | 587 |